The Things You Can Learn From Death Records

The Things You Can Learn From Death Records Numerous individuals searching for data about their precursors avoid directly past the demise record, scrambling toward their marriage and birth endorsements. Now and then we definitely know where and when our precursor passed on, and figure its not worth the time and cash to find the demise endorsement. Another situation has our precursor vanishing between one enumeration and the following, yet after an irresolute hunt, we choose its not worth the exertion since we definitely know the majority of his other essential realities. Those passing records, in any case, can disclose to us considerably more about our progenitor than where and when he kicked the bucket. Passing records, including demise declarations, tribute and memorial service home records, can remember an abundance of data for the perished, including the names of their folks, kin, youngsters, and mate; when and where they were conceived and additionally wedded; the control of the expired; conceivable military assistance; and reason for death. These pieces of information can be useful in disclosing to us progressively about our precursor, just as driving us to new wellsprings of data on his life. Date Place of Birth or Marriage Does the demise testament, tribute or other passing record give a date and spot of birth? A piece of information to the mates original last name? Data found in death records can regularly give the insight you have to find a birth or marriage record. Names of Family Members Demise records are regularly a decent hotspot for names of guardians, mate, kids and closest relative. The passing endorsement will for the most part list in any event the closest relative or the witness (frequently a relative) who gave the data on the demise authentication, while a tribute notice may list various relatives - both living and expired. Control of the Deceased Regardless of whether they were a rancher, a bookkeeper or a coal excavator, their decision of occupation likely characterized at any rate a piece of who they were as an individual. You may decide to simply record this in your fascinating goodies envelope or, perhaps, follow up for additional exploration. Certain occupations, for example, railroad laborers, may have business, benefits or other word related records accessible. Conceivable Military Service Tribute, headstones and, every so often, passing testaments are a decent spot to look on the off chance that you speculate that your predecessor may have served in the military. They will regularly list the military branch and unit, and potentially data on rank and the years in which your progenitor served. With these subtleties, you would then be able to search for additional data about your progenitor in military records. Reason for Death A significant hint for anybody accumulating a clinical family ancestry, the reason for death can frequently be discovered recorded on a demise authentication. In the event that you cannot discover it there, at that point the memorial service home (if still in presence) might have the option to give you additional data. As you return in time, be that as it may, youll start to discover fascinating reasons for death, for example, ill will (which regularly implied syphilis) and dropsy, which means edema or growing. You may likewise discover pieces of information to newsworthy passings, for example, word related mishaps, fires or careful disasters, that could prompt extra records. Demise records likewise offer data that may prompt further research roads. A passing testament, for instance, may list the internment place and the burial service home - prompting an inquiry in graveyard or memorial service home records. An eulogy or memorial service notice may make reference to a congregation where the burial service is being held, another hotspot for additional exploration. Since around 1967, most passing declarations in the United States list the deceaseds Social Security number, which makes it simple to demand a duplicate of the first application (SS-5) for a Social Security card, brimming with genealogical subtleties.

Dance brazil :: essays research papers

     Dance Brazil Move Brazil performs with adaptability and force, which is obvious all through its sum. Regardless of whether the organization is lying on the floor or jumping through the air, they order their space. Be that as it may, all through the creation they likewise join one significant factor, their way of life. In the presentation of the show, the artists exhibit their strict ways by introducing the indication of the cross to the individuals. All through the scene, the outfits that were being worn were all straightforwardly identified with the shades of different divine beings. All through one scene, the artists become had, one man loses control of his feelings, and terrains into another man’s arms. One could conceivable decipher that this man is arriving into the arms of god. The accompanying scene included a lady wearing blue. I valued the manner in which their developments took after water that retreats after the tide; developments that coordinated the full and lively solid of the band. I additionally esteemed the somber situating, lady looking ahead, man confronting endlessly, with their backs against one another. The man over and again positioned his hand on the lady, just to have her completely drive him away. This control toward the start diverged from a sort of consistence toward the end, as the lady was stolen away on the rear of the man. The music pulled their bodies. They were exquisite yet incredible simultaneously. They had a prevalent mix of an association ,they moved like an organization without it being an association move.      Overall, I enjoyed the creation â€Å"Dance Brazil†. My first musings were negative, I didn't anticipate that this move should be as energizing and intriguing as it genuinely might have been.

Maximum megahertz free essay sample

When confronting the issue of managing business extends that ought to be ended early, a pioneer ought to consider various significant activity steps portrayed beneath.  First, among these means is presenting what is to be accomplished. A case of a venture could be on cell phone-based cash move. It implies that the introduction of all the important data of the venture is to be completed, and all the essential materials for its appearance (that is from advancement of the item to where all the partners get its utility) are to be given. To do as such, during multi week, specialists ought to weigh out all the thoughts, and think of normal judgment (Loulakis, McLaughlin, 2011). The venture chiefs ought to obviously expand the possibility of the task with the goal that it may be handily comprehended by the specialists. They ought to likewise address all the basic issues of the task including (1) who is the objective buyer of the item, (2) how to arrive at the shopper, and (3) regardless o f whether they have introduced all the fundamental data that is required for their undertaking. We will compose a custom exposition test on Greatest megahertz or then again any comparable point explicitly for you Don't WasteYour Time Recruit WRITER Just 13.90/page Also, during the following week, administrators ought to examine the qualities and openings that are in moving toward the undertaking, just as the shortcomings and dangers that may block the usage of the venture. It is critical to get that if the shortcomings and dangers are not inside the control of the association, at that point the undertaking will fall flat. For assessments, the undertaking directors should think of an all around expounded method for transforming these dangers and shortcomings into circumstances and qualities. Thirdly, during the fourth week, a report on studies ought to be made on the premise out of comparable activities somewhere else (Goleman, 2000). This essentially targets seeing how others have moved toward a comparable venture. It likewise gives an outline of different difficulties that may emerge in venture usage, and the way toward taking care of these difficulties. The undertaking supervisor should introduce at any rate three contextual investigations of comparable activities somewhere else. This is essentially to get the contribution from the rest in the organization. At long last, during the fifth and the 6th weeks, a work in progress on how the group proposes for the execution of the undertaking ought to be created alongâ with making an introduction of a last draft on the procedure of the usage (Mohanty Kar, 2012). During this stage, venture directors should pundit the undertaking, and furthermore give there input. The calendar of work ought to be expounded proviso by statement of each action, and the course of events for every movement ought to be given. In the event that essential, an organization chief may demand for a board of trustees from the group to get ready reports on the venture usage process (Goleman, 2000). Suggestions in regards to Allowing Good Managers to Make Mistakes without Public Embarrassment and Enabling them Learn from their Mistakes When confronting laxities in great managers’ work, a pioneer may consider various suggestions portrayed beneath. Initial, a pioneer ought to designate a usage board of trustees (Goleman, 2000). The board of trustees ought to be appointed to get ready month to month gives an account of the advancement of corporate stars, and an outline of the usage of the activity plan. This activity step is to be practiced during the primary seven day stretch of working with the issue. The assessments ought to achieve for 100% in the execution of the activity plan. This is fundamentally decided from the month to month reports that the board plans. Besides, the other significant activity task for a pioneer is sorting out of the contribution from the other corporate pioneers (Mohanty Kar, 2012). This activity step is practiced during the time of the initial two months, when a pioneer works with the issue. During this period, the focal goal is in investigating the chief profiles, and sorting out corporate talks and courses. These measures target giving mentorship, and making a road for direct collaboration with the corporate stars (Mohanty Kar, 2012). To be at last effective during the execution of proposals of this stage, a pioneer should book meetings with different CEOs. The reason for such arrangements is in obtaining more involvement with the region of giving help and mentorship to corporate stars to aid their expert development. The normal consequences of actualizing the pioneer technique during this week is in gaining self-assurance by great troughs, and building up their positive notoriety among different workers in the a ggregate body (Goleman, 2000). At last, during the last phase of the task, targeting helping great administrators in self-improvement and gaining fearlessness, a pioneer ought to make a workshop for assessment of the thoughts from the corporate stars (Mohanty Kar, 2012). Additionally, open doors for them to surface their thoughts ought to be given. Furthermore, this period is the high time to concede the achievement of organization stars, and prize the best of them, whose working outcomes seemed, by all accounts, to be of incredible noteworthiness for authoritative benefits and the organization achievement.

Essays Online for Sale: the Ultimate Convenience!

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March Madness Bracket Statistics

Every March in the U.S. marks the beginning of the Men’s NCAA Division I basketball tournament. Dubbed March Madness, the modern version of the first round of the tournament consists of 64 teams in a single elimination bracket  format. Office pools and Internet contests challenge fans to correctly guess the outcomes of all 63 games in the tournament. This is no small undertaking. In the first round of the tournament alone there are 232 4,294,967,296 possible brackets that could result. Statistics and probability can be used to knock this number of over four trillion down to a somewhat more manageable size. Each team is assigned a ranking or seed from #1 to #16 based upon a number of criteria. The first round of the tournament always follows the same format, featuring four games each of the following types: #1 seed vs. #16 seed#2 seed vs. #15 seed#3 seed vs. #14 seed#4 seed vs. #13 seed#5 seed vs. #12 seed#6 seed vs. #11 seed#7 seed vs. #10 seed#8 seed vs. #9 seed Making Predictions Predicting the winner of each game is a complicated process that involves comparing several different variables from each team. To simplify matters, results from previous tournaments can be helpful to make predictions for the current year’s tournament bracket. The tournament has had the same 64-team structure since 1985, so there is a wealth of data to analyze. A prediction strategy using this idea looks at all instances where a #1 seed played a #16 seed. The results from these prior outcomes give a probability that can be used to make a prediction in the present tournament. Historical Results Such a strategy of picking the winner based on previous seed results is limited. However, there are some interesting patterns that start to emerge when examining the results from the first round of the tournament. For example, a #1 seed has never lost against a #16 seed. Despite a higher ranking, #8 seeds lose more often than not against #9 seeds. The following percentages are based on 27 years of March Madness with four of the same types of matchups in each tournament. #1 seed vs. #16 seed – The #1 seed has won 100% of the time against the #16 seed.#2 seed vs. #15 seed – The #2 seed has won 96% of the time against the #15 seed.#3 seed vs. #14 seed – The #3 seed has won 85% of the time against the #14 seed.#4 seed vs. #13 seed – The #4 seed has won 79% of the time against the #13 seed.#5 seed vs. #12 seed – The #5 seed has won 67% of the time against the #12 seed.#6 seed vs. #11 seed – The #6 seed has won 67% of the time against the #11 seed.#7 seed vs. #10 seed – The #7 seed has won 60% of the time against the #10 seed.#8 seed vs. #9 seed – The #8 seed has won 47% of the time against the #9 seed. Other Statistics In addition to the above, there are other interesting facts pertaining to the NCAA tournament. Since the 1985 tournament: Only once (4% of the time) has all four #1 seeds made it to the Final Four.Three times (12% of the time) no #1 seeds have made it to the Final Four.14 times (52% of the time) a #1 seed has won the entire tournament.The lowest seed to win the tournament is a #8 seed.The lowest seed to make it to the Final Four is a #11 seed. Use the above statistics at your own discretion. As the saying goes, Past performance is not an indicator of future success. You never know when a #16 team will score an upset.

Medical Marijuana Should Be Legal - 1651 Words

The cannabis plant is most commonly referred to as marijuana. Medical marijuana refers to the use of cannabis and its cannabinoids to treat disease or improve symptoms (Wikipedia.com). Cannabis contains two active ingredients inside called cannabinoids (CBD) along with the delta-g-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC). The medicinal and psychoactive effects that personally associate with marijuana are caused by unique structures of cannabinoids. In addition, the major psychoactive ingredient in marijuana is THC, which additionally has medicinal and psychoactive elements (The Weed Blog). Meanwhile, society oversee the positive outcome of what medical cannabis can achieve. People often forget that marijuana isn t just for recreational occasion, it has been used medically for thousands of years till today. It is used around the world where the use of medical cannabis is legal. Currently, there is 27 states in the U.S where medical marijuana is legalized for medical reasons and or recreationally. P atients around the world need this substance and I go on convinced that it helps people with medical conditions. This is not a matter of opinion; I am saying this because it is a fact. The federal government needs to legalize medical marijuana across the U.S considering it does not cause harm to our bodies and can help patients who have medical conditions. Have you ever known someone who is suffering from an illness or cancer? Wouldn’t it be nice having a natural way of helping those who areShow MoreRelatedMedical Marijuana Should Be Legal904 Words   |  4 PagesMedical Marijuana Although marijuana is illegal and lacks FDA approval it should be used to treat cancer. Opponents of medical marijuana argue that it is too dangerous to use, lacks FDA approval, and that various legal drugs make marijuana use unnecessary. They believe marijuana is addictive, leads to harder drug use, and injures the lungs, immune system, and brain. They also believe that medical marijuana is a front for drug legalization and recreational use. Benefit that it is isn’t a great treatmentRead MoreShould Medical Marijuana Be Legal?1249 Words   |  5 PagesMarch 1, 2017 Medical Marijuana Informative Unless you ve been living under a rock, you have probably at some point in the last few years had a conversation with a friend or family member regarding medical marijuana. Although it is considered a controversial topic, in recent months it has been gaining approval by the public. But it does not come without opposition and arguments. Medical marijuana is a complex subject and still requires more education for the public, the medical community, and theRead MoreMedical Marijuana Should Be Legal1477 Words   |  6 Pagesacross the nation believe that medical marijuana can provide a variety of benefits ranging from pain relief to increasing appetite. Others won’t provide the drug to patients until more significant evidence is presented. The drug has been a topic of debate for many years, but one thing that researchers can always count on is a growing library of testimonials from patients who have legally experimented with the drug to manage their conditions. As it stands, mari juana has had a different impact in eachRead MoreShould Medical Marijuana Be Legal?1778 Words   |  8 Pagesusing medical marijuana for chronic pain outweigh the risks? Medical Marijuana is a topic we have all heard a couple of times in the past years. It has been a debatable topic since there seems to be a lot of opinions on what should be and shouldn’t be legal. Some say its benefits outweigh anything else, and some others state that there is a hazard involved with this drug. There are studies on both sides of the question that demonstrate what appear to be clear benefits for medical marijuana, asRead MoreMedical Marijuana Should Be Legal1545 Words   |  7 Pagesmedicinal utility of marijuana. However, the federal government opposes passing legislation that would legalize medical marijuana because of its potential to be abused or unregulated. The states are continuously challenging the federal government causing complications in legislation in regards to medical marijuana. Because of its history of medicinal properties and accumulating amounts of state and local legislation, the federal government should decriminalize medical marijuana an d legalize its useRead MoreMedical Marijuana Should Be Legal1053 Words   |  5 PagesMedical marijuana, also called cannabis, is used in some places as a medication to treat diseases and symptoms. Many people consider it helpful and harmless making it the most used illicit drug in North America. With legalizing medical marijuana people can alleviate some health problems and help ease physical pain, but it also can bring many concerns, questions, and responsibility. Legalizing cannabis can help many people with their health conditions. There are some advantages to taking medicalRead MoreShould Medical Marijuana Be Legal?1591 Words   |  7 Pagesdebated topic on marijuana legalization is widely argued. Whether it’s for medical or recreational usages, this topic is reaching boiling point. The complicity on the legalities of marijuana has reached a point in society where legal usage has been popping up across the country. In the medical sector, studies have shown benefits, and harmful effects in patients. Some physicians support, however some physicians do see health concerns that influence their stance on whether medical marijuana laws are toRead MoreMedical Marijuana Should Be Legal897 Words   |  4 PagesMedical Cannabis Weed Cannabis, also known as Marijuana has many effects to it. In recent years officials have decided that it should be used for medical usage. They have found out that it helps many medical conditions. Medical cannabis has many things that could cure. Studies has shown that it slows the response time in the synapses in the brain it helps the brain heal. For example if someone was in a bad wreck it allows the brain to eventually heal. Because it is unlike other prescribed drugs weedRead MoreMedical Marijuana Should Be Legal860 Words   |  4 Pagesthat medical marijuana might be useful in reducing this pressure. Marijuana has also became a common sight in the medicine cabinets of patients suffering from HIV/AIDS and many different forms of cancer. Cannabis consumptions has been known for its ability to stimulate appetite commonly referred to as â€Å"getting the munchies.† Medical marijuana can successfully benefit its patients with HIV or cancer by helping generate an appetite through the use of plant. Researchers have shown that medical cannabisRead MoreMedical Marijuana Should Be Legal1777 Words   |  8 Pages Medical marijuana brings many benefits to the medical community and should be legalized. Medical marijuana also known as medical cannabis, brings relief too many people with multiple different types of diseases. One major benefit of marijuana being such a good relief medicine is that it is not addictive. Medical marijuana would also be very easy to regulate and bring many economic benefits to our country. Medical marijuana also known as medical cannabis brings relief too many people with many different

Comparative Equality and Diversity System †MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about the Comparative Equality and Diversity System. Answer: Introduction Aim of this essay is to explore the concept of diversity in the workplace as it is crucial for the organizations to manage diversity in the workplace. This essay basically focuses on the business case as the evidence of diversity in the workplaces. Basically, objective of this essay is to support the diversity management practices in the organizations. For the discussion, famous company Google is taken in this essay. Google is the technology service provider company based on California. This is one of the best companies in terms of providing good working environment to its employees. The company is the brand name in all over the world in terms of building culture, low on politics, sharing the resources and wealth and full of the meaning and significance. Now, the company is adopting effective diversity management process to manage the diversity in the business operations. The company has put continuous efforts to implant diversity in the overall business operations to achieve exceptional business results. Aim of the company is to provide trust-based business environment in which employees feel supportive and connected with each other and they have various opportunities to develop and grow in the positive environment. Diversity approach and strategies In case of Google, the company is adopting equity and diversity approach to manage diversity in the workplace. Company is trying to provide the environment in which employees feel equal in the organization. To achieve equality in the workplace, Google has the policy that employees would respect the different values and status of each other and would behave fairly. Company y is operating under the Equality act 2010 for providing equal opportunities to the employees. Under this act, company is focusing on various aspects known as protected characteristics i.e. gender reassignment, age, race, religion, marriage and civil partnership, belief and disability. Along with this, Google also supports equality in terms of equal pay of salaries and wages to all the employees (Noon Oswick, 2012). On the other hand, in terms of diversity approach, Google is focused on developing the work groups so that one person can be differentiated from other person. Company understands that every person has s ome visible and non-visible differences and that must be respected by every person so that they feel valuable in the company. By understanding the traits of the people, company is able to analyze how people accept, what is their performance and what is their progress in the company. Equality and diversity approach used by Google provides flexible working environment to the employees within the company (Soltani Syed, 2012). There are some points focused by Google in the equality and diversity approach- By the equality and diversity approach, company is able to understand various factors which are needed to respond diversity, There is always diversity in the workplace related to background, age, gender beliefs and religion. Equality and diversity approach is helpful in reducing discrimination among the employees, In Google, it is crucial to implement equality and diversity approach among the employees so that they feel valued, treated fairly and motivated, This framework of equality is very effective for the employees so that they feel equally treated in the organization (Derven, 2014). In case of diversity policy, Google has adopted anti-diversity policy for improving the working conditions for women. The memo of anti-diversity is focused on reducing the differences between men and women in the company (Kawamoto, 2016). Further, Google is comprehensive proactive organization as company has adopted four types of equal opportunity policies i.e. Principles of equal opportunities policy i.e. fairness and justice for employees, Implementation of equal opportunities policy i.e. social mechanism of fairness, Effectiveness of equal opportunities policy i.e. realization of principles in the company and Perception of equal opportunities policy i.e. though or feeling of policy and process of fairness (Thompson, 2016). Diversity issue Although Google is using diversity policies to manage the business effectively but there are still some diversity issues which have to face the employees while working in the company. Some of those issues are as follows: Gender diversity is still a big problem in Google. Women are underrepresented in the technology company and holding fewer tech-related jobs in the developed world. There are some complaints of unconscious bias i.e. managers do not view women as the leadership material. There is the discrimination in the company sometimes, and women are subject to meaningless comments, questions about their personal lives and unwanted harassments. Another ethical issue faced by Google is the issue of different ethics. Sometimes employees have to face discrimination based on the cultural and racial considerations. This is controversial related issues that include hiring or promoting the employees based on certain race, religion, color and national origin and this increase discrimination among the employees at the workplace. It is also observed that employees get promotion based on some factors and companies overlook better qualified employees (Burta, Simonsb Gibbonsc, 2012). This takes many shapes in the organization such as meaningless jokes or offensive words, unwanted flirting, posting negative emails or pictures, touching or unsought bodily contact, and displaying negative objects or posters at the workplaces etc. According to the US Equal Employment Opportunity Commission, sexual harassment takes place when acceptance or rejection of implicitly or explicitly impact on the employment of individual in the workplace. Harassment unreasonably interferes in the work performance of individual and creates an offensive work environment (Cox, 2010). Divers of diversity management There are various factors those are responsible for the diversity issues in the company. In case of Google, diverse workforce, discrimination and harassment and globalization of the business can be the reason. Google is a big company having number of employees for the business operations. The company is operating in all over the world so there are the employees having different religion and ethnic background. Sometimes, these things create diversity issue in the organization when employees do not understand and respect the ethical background of each other. There are some factors such as religion, ethnic and disabilities that are different among the employees and these factors are the cause of issues at the workplace. Due to these factors, employees have to face discrimination in the workplace (Klarsfeld Booysen, 2016). Basically, it is the behavior to disturb or interrupt someone within the workplace. It is illegal as it is the form of discrimination which involves the behavior of someone the separates, excludes and disgraces another group in the workplace. It impacts on the progress of the employees as they feel neglected on the workplace. Harassment is the unwanted and uninvited notice to interrupt other person including unwanted and wrong comments, physical assaults and wrong jokes that can threaten someone at the workplace (Business Link London, 2009). Due to the globalization in the business, it is crucial for the company to expand the business in various countries. Google is operating everywhere in the world and that is the reason, the company has hired employees from every country. They have to work in different countries and sometimes they have to deal with various types of diversity issues based on the education, background and language. Ways to solve problem The workforce in every company is now changing gradually. For example, instead of taking retirements, many people are still working but still women are half of the total number of workforce. So, it is crucial for Google to promote the diversity management processes in the workplace. By developing awareness and respect for each other among the employees, company is able to implement proper diversity management techniques and reduce discrimination among the employees. There is equality act adopted by the company to develop some important expectations and exemptions to treat people lawfully in the workplace. In Google, employees and employers are accountable for the act of discrimination. Company has made policy for the employees so that they would be able to understand the unacceptable activities within the organization (Greene Kirton, 2015). Google has adopted various actions i.e. change in policies, handling complaints against the harassment and discrimination and disciplinary procedures to reduce the diversity issues in the workplace. To deal with the diversity issues, employer must follow some processes to set discipline. If there is any complaints about diversity issues, then employer have to take legal actions against the issue. It is observed that there is discrimination in workforce in terms of religion so; Google has adopted diversity management for the effective business operations (Friedman and Holtom, 2002). Diversity education and training at Google Google is providing diversity education to the employees for dealing with the diversity issues effectively. Diversity education at Google has aim to minimize differences among the employees, respecting them and valuing them to drive business results. Company knows that ongoing diversity is helpful in driving employee engagement, improving productivity, leveraging diversity and creating positive work environment for the employees (Patkar, 2016). By the diversity training to the associates, company is able to implement diversity management strategies within the workplace. Along with this, company is able to implement the effective plan with an inclusive approach. Google is also offering diversity training to improve the position of women and minority people in the organization. Google is the first technology company to initiate diversity training program for dealing with the diversity issue in the workplace (Wrench, 2016). Conclusion Based on the above discussion, it is observed that diversity management is the important requirement for every business. By the diversity in the workplace, employees can be optimistic for better work and higher efficiency by providing them elasticity and good working hours. It is crucial for Google to get advantage from the different strengths and talents from the various employees. Further, diversity set a mutual relationship among the employees and allows them t work in a group. Policies adopted by Google are effective to manage workplace diversity effectively. This essay highlights the role of diversity in an organization. Sometimes, company has to face the issues in terms of language differences, working arrangements and work-life balance. It is well recognized today that diversity adds both tangible as well as intangible worth, although it requires working through the issues and costs that sometimes go along with it. It is also essential to estimate the practices of diversity ma nagement so that current status of work performance and employees job satisfaction.Policies related to diversity generate self awareness and sharing or helping affinity which reduces the conflicts in the workplace. For this manner, organization should offer fair appeal to do complaints against discrimination for the employees. Along with this, there should be transparency in the workplace and commitment of equal treatment. References Burta, C. H., Simonsb, R. L., Gibbonsc, F.X., (2012), Racial Discrimination, Ethnic-Racial Socialization, and Crime: A Micro-sociological Model of Risk and Resilience Business Link London, (2009), Business Confidence Index and Diversity Insight, London: B2B International Ltd. Business Link. Cox, T., (2010), Cultural Diversity in Organizations: Theory, Research and Practice, San Francisco: Berrett-Koehler Publishers Derven, M., (2014), "Diversity and inclusion by design: best practices from six global companies," Industrial Commercial Training, 46(2), pp. 84-91 Friedman, R., and Holtom, B. (2002), The Effects of Network Groups on Minority Employee Greene, A., Kirton, G., (2015), The Dynamics of Managing Diversity: A Critical Approach, UK: Routledge Kawamoto, D., (2016), Google's Unconscious Bias Training Yet To Fix Diversity Problem, accessed on 27th September 2017 from https://www.informationweek.com/strategic-cio/googles-unconscious-bias-training-yet-to-fix-diversity-problem/d/d-id/1324283? Klarsfeld, A., , Booysen,L., (2016), Comparative equality and diversity: main findings and research gaps: Cross Cultural Strategic Management, 23(3), pp.394 - 412 Noon, M., Oswick, C., (2012), Discourses of Diversity, Equality and Inclusion: Trenchant Formulations or Transient Fashions, 25(1) Patkar, A., (2016), Leave no one behind: equality and non-discrimination in sanitation and hygiene, Sustainable Sanitation for All: Experiences, Challenges, and Innovations, Practical Action, Rugby. Retention, Human Resource Management, 41, 4, 405421 Soltani, E., Syed, J., (2012), Tackling one-sidedness in equality and diversity research: Characteristics of the current dominant approach to managing diverse workgroups in Iran Thompson, N., (2016), Anti-Discriminatory Practice: Equality, Diversity and Social Justice, US: Palgrave Macmillan Wrench, J., (2016), Diversity Management and Discrimination: Immigrants and Ethnic Minorities in the EU, UK: Routledge

Violence On Childrens TV Essays - Dispute Resolution, Crime, Ethics

Violence on Childrens TV Free Swiss Anti-Wrinkle Cream. You Won't Believe Your Eyes! Violence on Childrens TV Are today's children being exposed to too much violence via television? I think so. From the teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles, to the Mighty Morphin' Power Rangers, kids are always being exposed to the rock-'em-sock-'em heroes of T.V., or the brainless violence of Beavis and Butthead. When we live in a country where our children watch an average of three to four hours of television daily {quote}, That is a large number of punches, kicks, and many other violent acts that our children are soaking up every day. Is that really what we want for the children of our country? Hundreds of studies of the effects of TV violence on children and teenagers have found that children may become "immune" to the horror of violence {quote?}. Gradually they even accept violence as a way to solve problems, imitating the violence they observe on television, as well as identifying with certain characters, victims and/or victimizers. One might ask If we know what is happening, why do they put violence on television? The basic reason is because violence is what people want to see. Much of the American viewing audience, and especially children, will watch the shows with more action before they even think about watching the morally correct ones. Another reason is that some broadcasters claim that there is not enough evidence to prove that TV violence is harmful. But, scientists who have studied this aspect have stated that TV violence and aggressive behavior are linked. In a Children Now Executive Summary, only one of many studies on the issue, experts agreed, among other relevant topics, "that television can have a negative effect on children, encouraging anti-social behavior such as dishonesty or violence." (Heintz-Knowles 2) This study as well as many others show that the violence is there. Another factor that points to children's television being too violent is the aggressive behavior that it is bringing out in the children that are watching it. During the average four hours a day that children watch television, They witness an average of 20 violent acts per hour. That is about 80 violent acts per day and, "Children who watch the violent shows, even 'just funny' cartoons, were more likely to hit out at their playmates, argue, disobey class rules, leave tasks unfinished, and were less willing to wait for things than those who watched the nonviolent programs," says Aletha Huston, Ph.D., now at the University of Kansas. This was the conclusion after a Pennsylvania State University study of 100 preschool children on weather or not violence in the television has an effect on children. If that wasn't enough, Leonard Eron, Ph.D., and his associates at the University of Illinois, performed both laboratory, and field studies which showed that children who watched many h! ours of violent TV when they were young, showed a higher level of aggressive behavior when they became teenagers, and when they grew to be 30, the ones who watched a lot of TV when they were young, were more likely to be arrested and prosecuted for criminal acts. The research seems to definitely support the argument that children's television is too violent. This being so, many parents may ask " What can I do?" Scientists who believe that children learn aggressive behavior from TV also point out that parents have the power over what their children watch. Because of this, many scientists recommend a number of things that parents can do. Reduce the amount of hours of TV that your children watch, watch at least one episode of the shows your children watch, and when they see a violent act on the show that their children are watching, discuss it with your child and tell them that this kind of behavior is not good and not the way to solve problems. Some other ways to answer the "What can I do" question is to Ban any shows that you think are too offensive for your children to be watching, and Encourage your children to watch shows that demonstrate good qualities, like caring and sharing. I think it is pretty clear that the children of America are being exposed to way too much violence on television. It is also clear that this exposure is having a negative effect on them. This should be a wake up call to everyone. We need to stop the violence on television and stop it now, the children of our country will be affected. So, parents of America, try to keep your kids away from the violence

Violence & Peace essays

Violence & Peace essays In most peoples opinion non- violence is the best way to solve a problem. The strange thing is that when the time comes to solve a certain problem, violence is used. Violence is not the best way to solve a problem. In this reflection the main topics are problems where violence is commonly present such as wars and in school, and for those problems there are nonviolent solutions such as using the method of A.R.C. (alternative resolution of conflicts), which includes negotiating. Sarajevo instead of finding other ways to solve their problems they chose violence. Many civilians got hurt because of the shelling and also because the military wanted to make the government regret whatever decision they took. As a consequence of war, shelling, killing, darkness, and hunger continued in Sarajevo therefore civilians suffered. Schindlers List clearly shows the effects of World War IIs Holocaust. It also shows how people wouldnt care to negotiate with people who were different from them and how they recurred to violence to solve their problems. For thirty years families were separated because of the political conflicts between Russia and the Allies. As a result of this political conflict Russia built the Berlin Wall, which separated itself from the other three powers for thirty long years. The Berlin Wall finally fell in 1989 and no longer were these families disunited again but this occurred because the other countries protested non-violently against Russia asking and persisting for the fall of this wall. During the time that this wall was standing, people would get shot when they tried to cross to the eastern side. As a country that was loosing its people, violent actions were taken to solve the problem of immigrations such as building a wall and shooting those who would try to cross the wall. Not only can violence be present in wars and among adults, but also violence is present among us. Every day there are ...

Electoral College Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Electoral College - Essay Example This research will begin with the statement that an electoral college comprises of a group of electors who are chosen to elect a candidate to a certain office. Since 1964, in the United States, 538 electors have been selected in each presidential election. This is in line with article II, section 2 of the US constitution, which clearly outlines the number of electors that every state should have. It also spells out how those electors should be chosen. The Electoral College is an illustration of an indirect election, unlike the popular vote as the measure for electing the president. The researcher tells that he supports the Electoral College since; it gives a chance all citizens to air their views in a representative way, which is an act of exercising democracy in a free and fair manner. On the other hand, if we just use popular vote, for instance, the main cities on the eastern and western coastal region of the US could be making a decision the CIC always. Furthermore, the Electoral College has survived and is still flourishing for over a period of 200 years in electing the president and other government officials. The Electoral College system supports the two party systems, something that has significantly played a vital role in maintaining peace and stability among the people of America. Therefore, the author of this paper advocates that the Electoral College ought to continue being used for conducting presidential elections.

Movie The Doctor Review Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

The Doctor - Movie Review Example He did not disclose the complete truth about his medical condition to his wife. This is mainly because he thinks that by lying he is not getting into any trouble. Dr Jack is applying the utilitarian view of lying, he thinks that by lying to his wife "will cause no harm and thus is he thinks it is not wrong" (lecture). However, later he realises that if he had told the truth to his wife he could have got her support. Second situation where Dr Jack takes the support of lying is when he was in the waiting room and met another patient June who is dying of Grade IV brain tumor (Glioblastoma). June was expressing her complaints that they have not found her tumor sooner because of the system. Though Dr Jack new all along that a better test should have been done, he lied when he gave false hope to June. He mentioned that one of his patients had same condition and is now a grandfather, but later June realizes that Jack lied to her. Here Jack applies the social context of lying (lecture). As Nietzsche stated in the lecture "Not that you lied to me but that I no longer believe you, has shaken me". June no longer trusted Jack since that incident. Jack came to his senses and realized that he was not a doctor at that time and that he is just a regular patient waiting to be called for there appointment . Never the less June and Jack later develop a unique relationship which helped Jack to transform into a new person. Jack became sensitive and a better person throughout the battle of his cancer.Third situation in the movie where lying is taken as a support is in the professional partnership. Jack and his partner had a great professional relationship together. But when Jack found out that his partner was trying to cover up a case of malpractice, their relationship fell apart. As the lecture about social context of lying states that "It is not the breaking of a principle nor is the corruption of an individual character, rather, relationship compromised and corrupted". This is true with Jack and his partner. Jack's trust to his partner is lost and their relationship was compromised. The movie is a lesson to every one. It emphasizes that what ever be the case, it is always important to be honest and truthful. This is a lesson that is true to my experience and is especially true when it comes to the relationship with my patients. Lying has several negative consequences in our lives. As in the movie especially in the above three situation lying is portrayed as a wrong practice because it constitutes a breach of trust linked to a particular situation and personal relationship between people (lecture). How much of the lecture and the movie have you seen in your practice Being in the medical field for 12 years, I have seen how patients, doctors, families, nurses and other medical personnel look at illness. I could easily relate with my experience in the movie because I have seen many Doctors like Dr Jack who treats their patients and nursing staff in a rude or inhuman manner. There are also many doctors and surgeons who are arrogant with success and affluence. This movie is a lesson for all of them. There are doctors and surgeons who have poor bedside manner, does not respect nurses and yet they are well respected with their work. Some

The Face of the Terrorist Essay Example for Free

The Face of the Terrorist Essay A faceless enemy. It has been eights years after the September 11 attack in the United States of America. Several people died and it was also the same time when the Unites States of America government contemplate on how the terrorists look like. Terrorists had been faceless for all we know and we do not even have any idea about them until Osama bin Laden was identified by Bush. The knowledge about terrorism and terrorists has been very limited but in some occasions and in present, the internet was able to give face to the faceless enemy and as soon as Bush gave bin Laden’s name, it was the start of identifying more faces of the enemy. In this paper, the author ought to explain terrorism and the face of terrorists wherein images from online sources and references are presented by the author to justify what she was pertaining to in line with terrorist’s face. Using Racialist, Sexism and Fascism ways, the author explained her argument and gave a face to the nameless enemy. At the same time, it was not the face of the enemies alone that was tackled in this paper but also the different faces of terror which was marked when Al Qaeda, the name given to Osama bin Laden’s organization as western and media name attacked United States of America. Considering the primitive years wherein pictures are not yet existing, identification of someone, probably a suspect or a colleague is hard to do and the mind was the only one who does the job of recognizing culprits and acquaintances. In present generation, mug shots are used to identify criminals and soon after to relate them with one another to solve a certain crime. Offerings several incidents and examples, the author named and identified when a terror becomes and terror and how those who were victims became the terrorists. As she presented two faces of people, the victim and the terrorist, it seems that these two can trade places and with sacrifice and revenge present, it is not impossible to have another kind of terror from a different kind of terrorists. Stereotyping was of course an unfair act and yet, we cannot help but guard ourselves from people who have turbans on their heads and all bearded like Santa Claus, only that they were not the good ones. America might be too cautious to a person who has a diaper on their head and a fan belt in it and decide to pull them off (Engle, 2009) but we can never blame them, after all, the leader of Al Qaeda looks like that and although there are heroes presented, they should also be cautious about what they were doing because defacement is much easier than being really the good ones. Critique Karen Engle’s analysis of the faces of terrors and the terrorists allow us to understand the distinction and the stereotypes made by the people, especially those in the government to identify them as crime promoters and culprits. An analysis that gives light to the unknowns in present and the many questions arising from the attacks, both previous and recent ones, this article was informational enough to be endorsed to people of any age, except to those who were still too young to understand that in this world, safe is not safe until we are sure of the people we are dealing with. While we can consider the victims as real victims, looking on the other side of the story, we will understand that they are not victims until the end. As long as there are revenge and sacrifice, it will be easy to understand that people, terrorist or not are capable of doing anything that can terrorize people around them. This paper had served as a lesson to be learned that allows the readers to be open minded and to stop stereotyping people. List of References Engle, Karen. The Face of a Terrorist. Sage Publications. Online Version from http://csc. sagepub. com/cgi/reprint/7/4/397

Edgar Allen Poes The Cask Of Amontillado :: essays research papers fc

"The Cask of Amontillado" Grimes ii Outline Thesis: The descriptive details in "The Cask of Amontillado" not only appeal to the senses of the audience, but also show that the narrator has a memory that has been haunted with details that he can recall fifty years later. I. Introduction II. Auditory Appeal III. Humor Appeal IV. Visual Appeal V. Conclusion Grimes 1 "The vividness with which [Poe] transcribes his sensory experiences contributes powerfully to the response his stories invoke" (Fagin 202). In "The Cask of Amontillado," Edgar Allan Poe uses captivating images to descriptively tell a tail of revenge, while appealing to the senses of the audience. In "The Cask of Amontillado," Montressor seeks to have revenge on Fortunato for an unknown insult. Montressor confesses at the beginning of the story, "The thousand injuries of Fortunato I had borne as I best could; but when he ventured upon insult, I vowed revenge" (Lowell 214). Montresor wants to "not only punish, but punish with impunity"(214). The nature of this insult is not made clear; however, the reader is led to believe that the insult changed Montresor’s social status. Montresor says to Fortunato "You are rich, respected, admired, beloved; you are happy, as once I was." This leads the reader to believe that Montresor once had high social status, but that status has changed due to the insult by Fortunato. Fortunato, entering the scene wearing a jesters costume, is unaware of Montesors’ evil intentions of murder. Montresor persuades Fortunato, who prides "himself on his connoisseurship in wine," to go into the family vaults so he can taste and identify some "Amontillado" (Lowell 215). Along the way Fortunato becomes extremely drunk and unaware of Montresor’s evil plot of murder. Montresor then proceeds to lead him through the catacombs and finally buries him alive behind a wall. Mont resor calls to Fortunato, but the only reply that he receives comes in the "jingling of the bells" from Fortunato’s cap (222). Grimes 2 II. Auditory Appeal The fact that the narrator mentions the "jingling of the bells" several times after fifty years indicates that he is haunted with a memory of their sound. Poe knew that the audience would relate the terrifying sound of the bells to premature burial. Premature burial is a concern during the 19th century when Poe writes this short story (Platizky 1). Live burial is practiced during this time as a form of capital punishment in Europe (1).

Daphnia Dissection

Effects of Drugs on Heart rate Michelle Dilgard Undergraduate Student Education Major Biology Concentration Tennessee Technological University Cookeville, TN 38505 December 3, 2006 Table of Contents Page Abstract 1 Key Words 2 Introduction3-6 Methods and Materials7-8 Expected Results and Benefits 9 Results 10-11 Discussion12 Conclusion13 Literature Cited 14-15 Abstract This experiment is designed to find out how drugs affect heart rate. This experiment will use Daphnia in order to monitor the effects certain drugs have on heart rates.I will observe the changes in heart rate of Daphnia when exposed to Caffeine, Ibuprofen, Alcohol, and Nicotine. I will have several separate samples of Daphnia in my study. Each community will be exposed to a different drug and observe how the heart rate of the Daphnia changes accordingly. I believe the Daphnia heart rate will increase when the Daphnia are exposed to Caffeine and Nicotine because both of these drugs are stimulants. I believe the Daphnia heart rate will decrease and slow down when the Daphnia are exposed to Ibuprofen and Alcohol.This experiment will show not only the effects of these drugs on Daphnia but also what they similarly do to the human body when it is exposed. Daphnia are used as a humane alternative to Humans when performing this type of experiment. The results on the Daphnia will be very similar to how the human heart would react if exposed to these drugs. Key Words Nicotine Alcohol Caffeine Ibuprofen Effects of Drugs Daphnia Magna Heart rate Drugs Heart Introduction My experiment deals with the affects of different drugs on the heart rate of daphnia. I will focus on the daphnia’s body itself first.Then I will give information pertaining to the drugs used: Caffeiene, Ibuprofen, Alcohol, and Nicotine. Daphnia are small crustaceans that live in the water. They are commonly called water fleas. Daphnia are freshwater zooplankton and consume phytoplankton and some other zooplankton as well. The daphniaà ¢â‚¬â„¢s bodies are transparent and their internal structures can easily be seen. The heart is the internal organ I focused on within the daphnia. The heart can be easily seen within the body cavity of the daphnia which made it easy to find and easy to count the heartbeat (Villegas-Navarro 2003).Caffeine is a very important drug to consider because 90% of American consumes caffeine on a daily basis. Half of all American consume more than 300 mg of caffeine a day which makes it America’s most consumed drug to date. Caffeine is found in coffee, soda, tea, chocolate, etc. Caffeine is known as trimethylxanthine in the medical community. Caffeine can be used as a cardiac stimulant and also as a mild diuretic. Cardiac stimulants increase the heart rate, and diuretics increase urine production. Caffeine is a very addictive drug and operates just like amphetamines such as cocaine and heroin (Nehlig 1992).Caffeine not only stimulates the heart of humans but also the heart of daphnia ( Foster 1997). Ibuprofen is commonly used to relieve pain, tenderness, swelling and stiffness caused by arthritis. It is also used to relieve mild to moderate pain in the body and reduce fever. Ibuprofen is called a NSAIDs. It works by stopping the body’s production of a substance that causes pain, fever, and inflammation. Ibuprofen is most often used to treat arthritis (Cluevers 2004). Alcohol is often used as a solvent in medical drugs, because of its low toxicity and ability to dissolve non-polar substances.Ethanol is often used as an antiseptic, to disinfect the skin before injections are given. When processed correctly Alcohol is drunk in recreation. Alcohol affects the body as a nervous system depressant (Wong 1997). Nicotine like caffeine is a stimulant. This stimulant is found in cigarettes. Cigarettes contain 8 to 20 milligrams of nicotine but when smoke only 1 mg of nicotine actually enters the body. Nicotine can have two effects on the body, it can relax a perso or it can stimulate a person, this is based on the amount and the regularity of smoking or nicotine intake.Nicotine works by causing a releas of adrenaline into the body. Statement of Problem How do certain drugs affect heart rate? Objective/Hypothesis Statement This experiment is designed to find out how drugs affect heart rate. This experiment will use Daphnia in order to monitor the effects certain drugs have on heart rates. I will observe the changes in heart rate of Daphnia when exposed to Caffeine, Ibuprofen, Alcohol, and Nicotine. I will have several separate samples of Daphnia in my study.Each community will be exposed to a different drug and observe how the heart rate of the Daphnia changes accordingly. i. e. Foster 1997 I hypothesize that the Daphnia heart rate will increase when the Daphnia are exposed to Caffeine and Nicotine because both of these drugs are stimulants. I hypothesize the Daphnia heart rate will decrease and slow down when the Daphnia are exposed to Ibuprofen and Alcohol. The null hypothesis to this is: I hypothesize that drugs will have no effect on the Daphnia’s heart rate. Methods and Materials Data Form |Resting Heart Rate |Heart Rate 1 |Heart Rate 2 |Heart Rate 3 | |Alcohol 1 | | | | | |Alcohol 2 | | | | | |Alcohol 3 | | | | | | | | | | | |Ibuprofen 1 | | | | |Ibuprofen 2 | | | | |Ibuprofen 3 | | | | | | | | | | |Caffeine 1 | | | | | |Caffeine 2 | | | | |Caffeine 3 | | | | | | | | | | | |Nicotine 1 | | | | | |Nicotine 2 | | | | | |Nicotine 3 | | | | | ProcedureI used a modified version of the experiment performed by Jasmine Kamai and Varner Allbrett when they studied the effects of Kava on the heart rate of Daphnia. My procedure is as follows: Before beginning my experiment I must mix the drug solutions to be used. First I will dissolve ibuprofen and caffeine tablets into a solution of water in two different containers, that I will later determine what strength to make each. I will also tear open cigarettes and mix the tobac co with water and let sit for 24 hours after which I will drain the water off into a container which will make up my nicotine solution. For alcohol I will just mix vodka and water to a desired strength in a 4th container. Next I will cipher out a daphnia and drop it onto a slide to be viewed under a microscope.I will record its normal heart rate. Next I will add a drop of the alcohol solution and over the next 5 minutes I will record the changes in heart rate after one minute of exposure, 3 minutes of exposure and then 5 minutes of exposure. After recording my results I will dispose of this Daphnia. I will do this same portion of the experiment with two more daphnia. I will then continue with this procedure while using the other three drugs. I plan to use the lab facilities in the Biology Building on Tennessee Tech’s Campus. Along with most of their lab equipment including: microscope, slides, vials, Petri dishes, droppers and other equipment. Materials Water Depression Slide sCover slips Droppers Daphnia Magna Microscope Watch Petri Dishes Daphnia Anatomy Chart Cigarettes 80 proof vodka No-dos Ibuprofen tablets Expected Results and Benefits After performing this experiment I expect to find that the Daphnia’s heart rates will increase with Nicotine and Caffeine because both of these drugs are stimulants and that the Daphnia’s heart rates will decrease with Alcohol and Ibuprofen solution. This experiment will show not only the effects of these drugs on Daphnia but also what they similarly do to the human body when it is exposed. Daphnia are used as a humane alternative to Humans when performing this type of experiment. Results Normal |w/Caffeine |w/Alcohol | |84 |100 |89 | |80 |102 |85 | |86 |105 |90 | |88 |109 |91 | |82 |109 |88 | |84 |103 |85 | |90 |110 |93 | |86 |106 |89 | |80 |90 |84 | |84 |88 |87 | Heart Rate of Daphnia when exposed to Caffeine and Alcohol Change in Heart Rate of Daphnia when exposed to Caffeine Change in Heart Rate of Daphnia when exposed to Alcohol Discussion After performing my experiment I found that Daphnia Magna heart rate greatly increases when exposed to Caffeine. Caffeine is a stimulant and should produce that affect (Nehlig 1992). Caffeine has similar affects on humans (Foster 1997).The heart rate increased anywhere from 10 to 20 beats per minute. As seen in my data table the heart beats sometimes jumped from a normal heartbeat in the 80s to a heartbeat in the 100s when exposed to caffeine. Gerald Adams also found the same result when he tested his hypothesis. I also found that Daphnia’s heart rate slightly increased with the exposure to Alcohol. The heart rate does not have as drastic a change when exposed to Alcohol as it did when exposed to Caffeine. The heart rates just increased by about 5 to 10 beats per minute. As seen in my data table the heart beats only jumped from a normal heartbeat in the 80s to a heartbeat in the 90s when exposed to Alcohol.This was disproved by sever al different experiments (Wong 1997). Wong found that the heart rate of daphnia decreased. Since alcohol is a depressant it should have lowered the heart rate of daphnia. I feel that the increase in stress on the Daphnia may have called this time of increase. When Daphnia is exposed to Nicotine and Ibuprofen, the heart rate of the daphnia could not be seen as any different. (Sollman 1999). Although Cluevers said that there should be a change in the heart rate (Cluevers 2004). Conclusion In conclusion I have determined that the heart rate of Daphnia can be affected by adding different drugs. Daphnia heart rate increased by ten to twenty beats per minute when exposed to Caffeine.Daphnia heart rate increased by five to ten beats per minute when exposed to Alcohol. Unfortunately the results for Ibuprofen and Nicotine could not be seen. There was not enough evidence to determine how the Heart rate changed when the Daphnia were exposed to Ibuprofen and Nicotine. By doing this experiment i t can be assumed that the some of the same reactions could be found if Humans are exposed to these Drugs. Literature Cited Cluevers, Michael. 2004. Mixture toxicity of the anti-inflammatory drugs diclofenac, ibuprofen, naproxen, and acetylsalicylic acid. Exotoxicology an Environmental Safety 59: 309-315. Foster, Rachel. 1997. A stroboscopic method to investigate the effect of caffeine on Daphnia hear rate.Journal of Biological Education 31: 253-255. Nehlig, A. , J. L. Daval, and G. Debry. 1992. Caffeine and the central nervous system: mechanisms of action, biochemical, metabolic and psychostimulant effects. PubMed. com. Villegas-Navarro, Arturo, Esperanza L. Ross, and Jose L. Reyes. 2003. The heart of Daphnia magna: effects of four cardioactive drugs. Comparative Biochemisty and Physiology Part C Toxicology and Pharmacology 136C: 127-134 Wong, Diana C. L. , Philip B. Dorn, and Eric Y. Chai. 1997. Acute toxicity and structure-activity relationships of nine alcohol ethoxylate surfacta nts to fathead minnow and Daphnia magna. Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry 16: 1970-1976. . Appendix Normal |w/Caffeine |w/Alcohol | |84 |100 |89 | |80 |102 |85 | |86 |105 |90 | |88 |109 |91 | |82 |109 |88 | |84 |103 |85 | |90 |110 |93 | |86 |106 |89 | |80 |90 |84 | |84 |88 |87 |

Latin Names for Days of the Week

Romans named the days of the week after the seven  known planets–or rather, celestial bodies—which had been named after Roman gods: Sol, Luna, Mars, Mercury, Jove (Jupiter), Venus,  and Saturn. As used in the Roman calendar, the gods names were in the genitive singular case, which meant each day was a day of or assigned to a certain god. dies Solis,  day of the Sundies Lunae,  day of the Moondies Martis,  day of Mars (Roman god of war)dies Mercurii,  day of Mercury  (Roman messenger of the gods and god of commerce, travel, thievery, eloquence,  and science.)  dies Iovis,  day of Jupiter (Roman god who created thunder and lightning; patron of the  Ã‚  Roman state)  dies Veneris,  day of Venus  (Roman goddess of love and beauty)dies Saturni,  day of Saturn  (Roman god of agriculture) Latin and Modern Romance Languages All of the Romance languages–French, Spanish, Portuguese, Italian, Catalan, and others—were derived from Latin. The development of those languages over the last 2,000 years has been traced using ancient documents, but even without looking at those documents, the modern-day names of the week have clear similarities to the Latin terms. Even the Latin word for days (dies) is derived from the Latin  from the gods (deus,  diis  ablative plural), and it too is reflected in the endings of the Romance language day terms (di or es). Latin Days of the Week and Romance Language Cognates (English) Latin French Spanish Italian MondayTuesdayWednesdayThursdayFridaySaturdaySunday dies Lunaedies Martisdies Mercuriidies Iovisdies Venerisdies Saturnidies Solis LundiMardiMercrediJeudiVendrediSamediDimanche lunesmartesmià ©rcolesjuevesviernessà ¡badodomingo lunedà ¬martedà ¬mercoledà ¬giovedà ¬venerdà ¬sabatodomenica Origins of the Seven-Planet Week Although the names of the week used by modern languages dont refer to gods that modern people worship, the Roman names definitely did name the days after the celestial bodies associated with particular gods—and so did other ancient calendars. The modern seven-day week with days named after gods associated with celestial bodies, is likely to have originated in Mesopotamia between the 8th and 6th centuries BCE. The lunar-based Babylonian month had four seven-day periods, with one or two extra days to account for the movements of the moon. The seven days were (probably) named for the seven known major celestial bodies, or rather for their most important deities associated with those bodies. That calendar was communicated to the Hebrews during the Judean exile in Babylon (586–537 BCE), who were forced to use the imperial calendar of Nebuchadnezzar and adopted it for their own use after they returned to Jerusalem. Theres no direct evidence for the use of celestial bodies as name days in Babylonia—but there is in the Judean calendar. The seventh day is called Shabbat in the Hebrew bible—the Aramaic term is shabta and in English Sabbath. All of those terms are derived from the Babylonian word shabbatu, originally associated with the full moon. All of the Indo-European languages use some form of the word to refer to Saturday or Sunday; the Babylonian sun god was named Shamash. Planetary Gods Planet Babylonian Latin Greek Sanskrit Sun Shamash Sol Helios Surya, Aditya, Ravi Moon Sin Luna Selene Chandra, Soma Mars Nergal Mars Ares Angaraka, Mangala Mercury Nabu Mercurius Hermes Budh Jupiter Marduk Iupiter Zeus Brishaspati, Cura Venus Ishtar Venus Aphrodite Shukra Saturn Ninurta Saturnus Kronos Shani Adoption of the Seven Day Planetary Week The Greeks adopted the calendar from the Babylonians, but the rest of the Mediterranean region and beyond did not adopt the seven day week until the first century CE. That spread into the hinterlands of the Roman empire is attributed to the Jewish diaspora, when the Jewish people left Israel for the far-flung elements of the Roman empire after the Second Temple destruction in 70 CE. The Romans didnt borrow directly from the Babylonians, they emulated the Greeks, who did. Graffiti in Pompeii, destroyed by the eruption of Vesuvius in 79 CE, includes references to the days of the week named by a planetary god. But in general, the seven-day  week  was not widely used until the Roman Emperor  Constantine the Great (306–337 CE) introduced the seven-day week into the Julian calendar. The early Christian church leaders were appalled at the use of pagan gods for names and did their best to replace them with numbers, but with no long-lasting success.   -Edited by Carly Silver Sources and Further Reading Falk, Michael. Astronomical Names for the Days of the Week. Journal of the Royal Astronomical Society of Canada 93:122–133Ker, James. Nundinae: The Culture of the Roman Week. Phoenix 64.3/4 (2010): 360–85. Print.MacMullen, Ramsay. Market-Days in the Roman Empire. Phoenix 24.4 (1970): 333–41. Print.Oppenheim, A. L. The Neo-Babylonian Week Again. Bulletin of the American Schools of Oriental Research 97 (1945): 27–29. Print.Ross, Kelley. The Days of the Week. The Proceedings of the Friesian School, 2015.Stern, Sacha. The Babylonian Calendar at Elephantine. Zeitschrift fà ¼r Papyrologie und Epigraphik 130 (2000): 159–71. Print.